PNE, pulmonary edema, or pleural effusion) Nasal flaring is commonly observed in _ and is usually a sign of _ Infants and younger children Lower airway obstruction If an infants cry becomes very soft with only short sounds during expiration (more like the "mewing" of a cat) or an older child begins to talk in short phrases or single words instead of sentences, this may indicate Severe respiratory distress and SOB Crackles happen during inspiration Increased respiratory effort results from conditions that Increase resistance to airflow (e.g asthma or bronchiolitis)Ĭause the lungs to be stiffer and difficult to inflate (eg. Upper airway obstruction due to secretions, vomit or blood Wheezing is most often heard during _ and typically indicates _ Expiration (less frequently during inspiration) (Includes V/S and SpO2) Secondary assessment Focused medical history and focused physical exam Diagnostic assessments LabĮxposure Decreased or asymmetrical chest expansion may result from inadequate effortįoreign body aspiration Stridor is a sign of upper airway obstruction Snoring can be a sign of airway obstruction (soft tissue swelling or decreased LOC may cause airway obstruction and snoring) Grunting is heard during _ and occurs as the child exhales against _ ExpirationĪ partially closed glottis Gurgling is heard during _ and results from _ Expiration Hands-on ABCDE to evaluate respiratory, cardiac, and neuro function. It is repeated after interventions) EII - Evaluate Primary assessmentĭiagnostic assessments Primary assessment Rapid
Speech/cry PAT - work of breathing TripodĪdventitious breath sounds (stridor or sonorous respirations) PAT - Circulation PaleĬyanotic When is the pediatric assessment triangle performed to make an initial assessment? During the "from the doorway" observation Evaluate-Identify-Intervene Cycle is used when caring for a seriously ill or injured child to help determine the best treaetment or intervention. Infant and child compression rate and compression-to-ventilation ratio for 2 rescuers 100-120ġ5:2 Compression technique for most children heel of one hand with heel of other hand on top of 1st handġ/3 of chest or 2 inches Compression technique for infants 2 fingers or thumbs to center of sternum just below the nipple lineġ/3 of chest or 1 1/2 inches AED use on children less 8 yrs old Turn on AEDĭeliver shock if indicated The AED indicates no shock advised, what do you do? Immediately start CPR beginning with chest compressions Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) Appearance
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